Makuleke Land Dispossession

globals [
  makuleke-patches
  rangers-patches
  conflicts
]

breed [makuleke a-makuleke]
breed [cattle a-cattle]
breed [rangers a-ranger]
breed [elephants a-elephant]

to setup
  clear-all
  setup-patches
  setup-turtles
  set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 65]
  if year = 1800 [
    set initial-makuleke 50]
  if year = 1903 [
    set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 65]
    set rangers-patches patches with [pcolor = 63]
    set initial-makuleke 50
    set initial-rangers 10
  ]
  if year = 1933 [
    set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
    set rangers-patches patches with [pcolor = 63]
    set initial-makuleke 45
    set initial-rangers 15
  ]
  if year = 1961 [
    set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
    set rangers-patches patches with [pcolor = 63]
    set initial-makuleke 40
    set initial-rangers 20
  ]
  if year = 1969 [
    set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
    set rangers-patches patches with [pcolor = 63]
    set initial-makuleke 40
    set initial-rangers 25
  ]
  reset-ticks
end 

to setup-patches
  set-patch-size 20
  ;; patches representing area between the Limpopo and Levuvha River
  if year = 1800 [
  ask patches [set pcolor 65]
  set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 65]
  ]
  if year = 1903 [
    ask patches [set pcolor 65]
    set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 65]
  ]
  if year = 1933 [
     ask patches [set pcolor 26]
     set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
  ]

  if year = 1961 [
     ask patches [set pcolor 26]
     set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
  ]
  if year = 1969 [
     ask patches [set pcolor 26]
     set makuleke-patches patches with [pcolor = 26]
  ]

  ;; blue patches representing the Limpopo and Levuvha River
  ask patches at-points [
  [-16 11] [-15 12] [-14 13] [-13 14] [-12 15] [-11 16] [-10 16] [-9 16] [-8 15] [-7 14] [-6 13]
    [-5 12] [-4 11] [-3 10] [-2 9] [-1 9] [0 10] [1 11] [2 12] [3 13] [4 13] [5 13] [6 12] [7 11]
    [8 10] [9 9] [10 8] [11 7] [12 6] [12 4] [6 2] [2 0] [1 -1][-1 -1] [-2 0] [13 5] [11 3] [8 2] [7 3]
    [5 1] [10 2] [9 1] [4 0] [3 1] [0 0] [-3 -1] [-4 0] [-5 -1] [-6 0] [-7 1] [-8 0] [-9 1] [-10 0]
    [-11 1] [-12 0]  [-13 1] [-14 0] [-15 -1] [-16 0]

  ]
    [set pcolor blue]

  ;; darker gray patches representing Mozambique
  ask patches at-points [
    [16 5] [16 4] [16 3] [15 4] [15 5] [15 6] [16 6] [16 7] [14 5]
  ]
  [set pcolor 3]

  ;; lighter gray patches representing Zimbabwe
  ask patches at-points [
    [-16 12] [-16 13] [-16 14] [-16 15] [-16 16] [-15 13] [-15 14] [-15 15] [-15 16] [-14 14] [-14 15]
    [-14 16] [-13 15] [-13 16] [-12 16] [-8 16] [-7 16] [-6 16] [-5 16] [-4 16] [-3 16] [-2 16] [-1 16]
    [0 16] [1 16] [2 16] [3 16] [4 16] [5 16] [4 16] [5 16] [6 16] [7 16] [8 16] [9 16] [10 16] [11 16]
    [12 16] [13 16] [14 16] [15 16] [16 16] [-7 15] [-6 15] [-5 15] [-4 15] [-3 15] [-2 15] [-1 15] [0 15]
    [1 15] [2 15] [3 15] [4 15] [5 15] [6 15] [7 15] [8 15] [9 15] [10 15] [11 15] [12 15] [13 15] [14 15]
    [15 15] [16 15] [-6 14] [-5 14] [-4 14] [-3 14] [-2 14] [-1 14] [0 14] [1 14] [2 14] [3 14] [4 14] [5 14]
    [6 14] [7 14] [8 14] [9 14] [10 14] [11 14] [12 14] [13 14] [14 14] [15 14] [16 14] [-5 13] [-4 13] [-3 13]
    [-2 13] [-1 13] [0 13] [1 13] [2 13] [-4 12] [-3 12] [-2 12] [-1 12] [0 12] [1 12] [-3 11] [-2 11] [-1 11]
    [0 11] [-2 10] [-1 10] [6 13] [7 13] [8 13] [9 13] [10 13] [11 13] [12 13] [13 13] [14 13] [15 13] [16 13]
    [7 12] [8 12] [9 12] [10 12] [11 12] [12 12] [13 12] [14 12] [15 12] [16 12] [8 11] [9 11] [10 11] [11 11]
    [12 11] [13 11] [14 11] [15 11] [16 11] [9 10] [10 10] [11 10] [12 10] [13 10] [14 10] [15 10] [16 10] [10 9]
    [11 9] [12 9] [13 9] [14 9] [15 9] [16 9] [11 8] [12 8] [13 8] [14 8] [15 8] [16 8] [12 7] [13 7] [14 7] [15 7]
    [13 6] [14 6]

  ]
    [set pcolor 6]

  ;; green patches representing area south of the Levuvha River
  if year = 1800 [
  ask patches with [pycor <= -2] [set pcolor 65]
  ask patches at-points [ [-16 -1] [-14 -1] [-13 -1] [-13 0] [-12 -1] [-11 -1] [-10 -1] [-9 -1] [-8 -1]
    [-7 -1] [-6 -1] [2 -1] [3 -1] [4 -1] [5 -1] [6 -1] [7 -1] [8 -1] [9 -1] [10 -1] [11 -1] [12 -1]
    [13 -1] [14 -1] [15 -1] [16 -1] [5 0] [6 0] [7 0] [8 0] [9 0] [10 0] [11 0] [12 0] [13 0] [14 0]
    [15 0] [16 0] [-11 0] [-9 0] [-7 0] [-4 -1] [-2 -1] [0 -1] [3 0] [6 1] [7 1] [8 1] [7 2] [10 1]
    [11 1] [12 1] [13 1] [14 1] [15 1] [16 1] [11 2] [12 2] [13 2] [14 2] [15 2] [16 2] [12 3] [13 3]
    [14 3] [15 3] [13 4] [14 4]
  ]
  [set pcolor 65]
  ]

   ;; darker green patches representing protected area (considered "ranger-patches") south of the Levuvha River
if year = 1903 [
    ask patches with [pycor <= -2] [set pcolor 63]
  ask patches at-points [ [-16 -1] [-14 -1] [-13 -1] [-13 0] [-12 -1] [-11 -1] [-10 -1] [-9 -1] [-8 -1]
    [-7 -1] [-6 -1] [2 -1] [3 -1] [4 -1] [5 -1] [6 -1] [7 -1] [8 -1] [9 -1] [10 -1] [11 -1] [12 -1]
    [13 -1] [14 -1] [15 -1] [16 -1] [5 0] [6 0] [7 0] [8 0] [9 0] [10 0] [11 0] [12 0] [13 0] [14 0]
    [15 0] [16 0] [-11 0] [-9 0] [-7 0] [-4 -1] [-2 -1] [0 -1] [3 0] [6 1] [7 1] [8 1] [7 2] [10 1]
    [11 1] [12 1] [13 1] [14 1] [15 1] [16 1] [11 2] [12 2] [13 2] [14 2] [15 2] [16 2] [12 3] [13 3]
    [14 3] [15 3] [13 4] [14 4]
  ]

  [set pcolor 63]
  ]
  if year = 1933 [
    ask patches with [pycor <= -2] [set pcolor 63]
  ask patches at-points [ [-16 -1] [-14 -1] [-13 -1] [-13 0] [-12 -1] [-11 -1] [-10 -1] [-9 -1] [-8 -1]
    [-7 -1] [-6 -1] [2 -1] [3 -1] [4 -1] [5 -1] [6 -1] [7 -1] [8 -1] [9 -1] [10 -1] [11 -1] [12 -1]
    [13 -1] [14 -1] [15 -1] [16 -1] [5 0] [6 0] [7 0] [8 0] [9 0] [10 0] [11 0] [12 0] [13 0] [14 0]
    [15 0] [16 0] [-11 0] [-9 0] [-7 0] [-4 -1] [-2 -1] [0 -1] [3 0] [6 1] [7 1] [8 1] [7 2] [10 1]
    [11 1] [12 1] [13 1] [14 1] [15 1] [16 1] [11 2] [12 2] [13 2] [14 2] [15 2] [16 2] [12 3] [13 3]
    [14 3] [15 3] [13 4] [14 4]
  ]

  [set pcolor 63]
  ]

   if year = 1961 [
        ask patches with [pycor <= -2] [set pcolor 63]
  ask patches at-points [ [-16 -1] [-14 -1] [-13 -1] [-13 0] [-12 -1] [-11 -1] [-10 -1] [-9 -1] [-8 -1]
    [-7 -1] [-6 -1] [2 -1] [3 -1] [4 -1] [5 -1] [6 -1] [7 -1] [8 -1] [9 -1] [10 -1] [11 -1] [12 -1]
    [13 -1] [14 -1] [15 -1] [16 -1] [5 0] [6 0] [7 0] [8 0] [9 0] [10 0] [11 0] [12 0] [13 0] [14 0]
    [15 0] [16 0] [-11 0] [-9 0] [-7 0] [-4 -1] [-2 -1] [0 -1] [3 0] [6 1] [7 1] [8 1] [7 2] [10 1]
    [11 1] [12 1] [13 1] [14 1] [15 1] [16 1] [11 2] [12 2] [13 2] [14 2] [15 2] [16 2] [12 3] [13 3]
    [14 3] [15 3] [13 4] [14 4]
  ]

  [set pcolor 63]
]
  if year = 1969 [
        ask patches with [pycor <= -2] [set pcolor 63]
  ask patches at-points [ [-16 -1] [-14 -1] [-13 -1] [-13 0] [-12 -1] [-11 -1] [-10 -1] [-9 -1] [-8 -1]
    [-7 -1] [-6 -1] [2 -1] [3 -1] [4 -1] [5 -1] [6 -1] [7 -1] [8 -1] [9 -1] [10 -1] [11 -1] [12 -1]
    [13 -1] [14 -1] [15 -1] [16 -1] [5 0] [6 0] [7 0] [8 0] [9 0] [10 0] [11 0] [12 0] [13 0] [14 0]
    [15 0] [16 0] [-11 0] [-9 0] [-7 0] [-4 -1] [-2 -1] [0 -1] [3 0] [6 1] [7 1] [8 1] [7 2] [10 1]
    [11 1] [12 1] [13 1] [14 1] [15 1] [16 1] [11 2] [12 2] [13 2] [14 2] [15 2] [16 2] [12 3] [13 3]
    [14 3] [15 3] [13 4] [14 4]
  ]

  [set pcolor 63]
]

;; fence created along northern side of the Levuvha River in 1961 represented by black patches
  if year = 1961 [
   ask patches at-points [
    [-16 1] [-15 0] [ -14 1] [-13 2] [-12 1] [-11 2] [-10 1] [-9 2] [-8 1] [-7 2] [-6 1] [-5 0] [-4 1]
    [-3 0] [-2 1] [-1 0] [0 1] [1 0] [2 1] [3 2] [4 1] [5 2] [6 3] [7 4] [8 3] [9 2] [10 3] [11 4] [12 5]
  ]

  [set pcolor black]
  ]
  if year = 1969 [
   ask patches at-points [
    [-16 1] [-15 0] [ -14 1] [-13 2] [-12 1] [-11 2] [-10 1] [-9 2] [-8 1] [-7 2] [-6 1] [-5 0] [-4 1]
    [-3 0] [-2 1] [-1 0] [0 1] [1 0] [2 1] [3 2] [4 1] [5 2] [6 3] [7 4] [8 3] [9 2] [10 3] [11 4] [12 5]
  ]

  [set pcolor black]
  ]
end 

to setup-turtles
  ;; makuleke setup
  create-makuleke initial-makuleke [
    set color 3
    set size 1.5
    set shape "person farmer"
    if year = 1800 [
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65]
    ]
    if year = 1903 [
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65]
    ]
    if year = 1933 [
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26]
    ]
    if year = 1961 [
       move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26]
    ]
    if year = 1969 [
       move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26]
    ]
  ]

  ;; cattle setup
if year = 1800 [
  create-cattle 20 [
    set shape "cow"
    set color brown
    set size 1.5
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65]
  ] ]
  if year = 1903 [
  create-cattle 15 [
    set shape "cow"
    set color brown
    set size 1.5
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65]
  ] ]
  if year = 1933 [
  create-cattle 10 [
    set shape "cow"
    set color brown
    set size 1.5
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26]
  ] ]

;; rangers setup
if year = 1903 [
  create-rangers initial-rangers [
    set color 3
    set size 1.5
    set shape "person soldier"
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ]
]
 if year = 1933 [
    create-rangers initial-rangers [
    set color 3
    set size 1.5
    set shape "person soldier"
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ] ]
 if year = 1961 [
    create-rangers initial-rangers [
    set color 3
    set size 1.5
    set shape "person soldier"
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ] ]
 if year = 1969 [
    create-rangers initial-rangers [
    set color 3
    set size 1.5
    set shape "person soldier"
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ] ]

;; elephants setup
if year = 1903 [
  create-elephants 7 [
  set shape "mammoth"
    set color gray
    set size 1.5
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ]
  ]
if year = 1933 [
  create-elephants 7 [
  set shape "mammoth"
    set color gray
    set size 1.5
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ]
  ]
if year = 1961 [
  create-elephants 7 [
  set shape "mammoth"
    set color gray
    set size 1.5
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ]
  ]
 if year = 1969 [
  create-elephants 7 [
  set shape "mammoth"
    set color gray
    set size 1.5
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63]
  ]
  ]
end 

to go
  ask turtles [
    move-makuleke
    move-cattle
    move-elephants
    move-rangers
    patrol
  ]
  tick
end 

;; rules for makuleke movement

to move-makuleke
  if year = 1800 [
 ask makuleke [
  rt random 50
  lt random 50

  ;; Check if there is a patch with color 65 in radius 1 without a turtle.
  let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 65] in-radius 1 with [not any? turtles-here]

  ;; Only move to the target patch if it exists.
  if target-patch != nobody [
    move-to target-patch
  ]
]
  ]
  if year = 1903 [
  ask makuleke [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65] with [not any? turtles-here]
      if not any? rangers in-radius 4 [
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
      if any? rangers in-radius 4 [
        move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 65] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
  ]
  ]

  if year = 1933 [
  ask makuleke [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
      if not any? rangers in-radius 4 [
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
      if any? rangers in-radius 4 [
        move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
  ]
  ]

  if year = 1961 [
      ask makuleke [
      rt random 50
      lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
      if not any? rangers in-radius 4 [
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
      if any? rangers in-radius 4 [
        move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1969 [
      ifelse any? patches with [pcolor = 26] [
    ; Makuleke will move to patches with pcolor 26 as long as there are some
    ask makuleke [
      rt random 50
      lt random 50
        move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
  ] [
    ; Once there are no more patches with pcolor 26, makuleke will move to patches with pcolor 63
    ask makuleke [
      rt random 50
      lt random 50
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] in-radius 5 with [not any? turtles-here]
    ]
  ]
  ]
end 

;; rules for cattle movmement

to move-cattle
  if year = 1800 [
    ask cattle [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 65] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ifelse any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is already occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch within a certain radius
      move-to one-of patches in-radius 2 with [not any? turtles-here]
    ] [
      move-to target-patch
    ]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1903 [
    ask cattle [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 65] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ifelse any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is already occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch within a certain radius
      move-to one-of patches in-radius 2 with [not any? turtles-here]
    ] [
      move-to target-patch
    ]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1933 [
    ask cattle [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? turtles-here]
    ifelse any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is already occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch within a certain radius
      move-to one-of patches in-radius 2 with [not any? turtles-here]
    ] [
      move-to target-patch
    ]
  ]
  ]
end 

;; rules for elephant movement

to move-elephants
  if year = 1903 [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
  ask elephants [
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]

    ; Check if the target patch is already occupied by another agent
    ifelse not any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is unoccupied, move there
      move-to target-patch
    ] [
      ; If the target patch is occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch
      let unoccupied-patches patches in-radius 1 with [not any? turtles-here]
      ifelse any? unoccupied-patches [
        move-to one-of unoccupied-patches
      ] [
        ; If no unoccupied patches are found nearby, stay in the current patch
        move-to patch-here
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
 if year = 1933 [
  ask elephants [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]

    ; Check if the target patch is already occupied by another agent
    ifelse not any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is unoccupied, move there
      move-to target-patch
    ] [
      ; If the target patch is occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch
      let unoccupied-patches patches in-radius 1 with [not any? turtles-here]
      ifelse any? unoccupied-patches [
        move-to one-of unoccupied-patches
      ] [
        ; If no unoccupied patches are found nearby, stay in the current patch
        move-to patch-here
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
 if year = 1961 [
  ask elephants [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]

    ; Check if the target patch is already occupied by another agent
    ifelse not any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is unoccupied, move there
      move-to target-patch
    ] [
      ; If the target patch is occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch
      let unoccupied-patches patches in-radius 1 with [not any? turtles-here]
      ifelse any? unoccupied-patches [
        move-to one-of unoccupied-patches
      ] [
        ; If no unoccupied patches are found nearby, stay in the current patch
        move-to patch-here
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
if year = 1969 [
  ask elephants [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    let target-patch one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]

    ; Check if the target patch is already occupied by another agent
    ifelse not any? other turtles-on target-patch [
      ; If the target patch is unoccupied, move there
      move-to target-patch
    ] [
      ; If the target patch is occupied, find a nearby unoccupied patch
      let unoccupied-patches patches in-radius 1 with [not any? turtles-here]
      ifelse any? unoccupied-patches [
        move-to one-of unoccupied-patches
      ] [
        ; If no unoccupied patches are found nearby, stay in the current patch
        move-to patch-here
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
end 

;; rules for ranger movement

to move-rangers
  if year = 1903 [
  ask rangers [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? rangers-here]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1933 [
    ask rangers [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? rangers-here]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1961 [
     ask rangers [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
    move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? rangers-here]
  ]
  ]
  if year = 1969 [
      ifelse any? patches with [pcolor = 26] [
    ; Rangers will move to patches with pcolor 26 as long as there are some
    ask rangers [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 26] with [not any? rangers-here]
    ]
  ] [
    ; Once there are no more patches with pcolor 26, rangers will move to patches with pcolor 63
    ask rangers [
    rt random 50
    lt random 50
      move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? rangers-here]
    ]
  ] ]
end 

;; rules for rangers when patrolling

to patrol
  if year = 1903 [
  ask rangers [
    if any? makuleke-here [
      if (pcolor = 63) [
        ; Define the probability of conflict during patrol (e.g., 0.1 for 10% probability)
        let conflict-probability 0.005
        ifelse random-float 1.0 < conflict-probability [
          ; Engage in conflict with makuleke
          let target one-of makuleke with [distance myself <= 2]
          ifelse random-float 1.0 < 0.01 [
            ask target [die]
            set conflicts (conflicts + 1)
          ] [
            ; Don't kill the Makuleke, just change their color

          ]
          set pcolor red
        ] [
          ; Continue with patrol behavior
          move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
 if year = 1933 [
   ask rangers [
    if any? makuleke-here [
      if (pcolor = 63) [
        ; Define the probability of conflict during patrol (e.g., 0.1 for 10% probability)
        let conflict-probability 0.01
        ifelse random-float 1.0 < conflict-probability [
          ; Engage in conflict with makuleke
          let target one-of makuleke with [distance myself <= 2]
          ifelse random-float 1.0 < 0.03 [
            ask target [die]
            set conflicts (conflicts + 1)
          ] [
            ; Don't kill the Makuleke, just change their color
          ]
          set pcolor red
        ] [
          ; Continue with patrol behavior
          move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
 if year = 1961 [
   ask rangers [
    if any? makuleke-here [
      if (pcolor = 63) [
        ; Define the probability of conflict during patrol (e.g., 0.1 for 10% probability)
        let conflict-probability 0.06
        ifelse random-float 1.0 < conflict-probability [
          ; Engage in conflict with makuleke
          let target one-of makuleke with [distance myself <= 2]
          ifelse random-float 1.0 < 0.09 [
            ask target [die]
            set conflicts (conflicts + 1)
          ] [
            ; Don't kill the Makuleke, just change their color
          ]
          set pcolor red
        ] [
          ; Continue with patrol behavior
          move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] with [not any? turtles-here]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  ]
if year = 1969 [
  ask rangers [
    ; Check for the presence of makuleke within a certain radius
    let nearby-makuleke makuleke in-radius 3
    if any? nearby-makuleke [
      ; Define the probability of conflict during patrol (e.g., 0.1 for 10% probability)
      let conflict-probability 1.0
      ifelse random-float 1.0 < conflict-probability [
        ; Engage in conflict with a nearby makuleke
        let target one-of nearby-makuleke
        ask target [die]
        set conflicts (conflicts + 1)
        set pcolor red
        ; Ask patches with the color 26 to execute the following block:
          ask patches with [pcolor = 26] [
          ; Set the color of these patches to 63.
          set pcolor 63
        ]
      ]
      [
        ; Continue with patrol behavior
        move-to one-of patches with [pcolor = 63] in-radius 3 with [not any? rangers-here]
      ]
    ]
  ]
]
end